12. HAND, FLAG AND LAMP SIGNALS NOTE: The hand, or a flag, moved the same as the lamp, as illustrated in the following diagrams, gives the same indication, except in the observance of Rule 12a, the hand or flag movemerit may be above the shoulder 12a . STOP Swung across the track. 12b REDUCE SPEED Held horizontally at arm's length. 12c PROCEED Raised and lowered vertically. 12d BACK Swung vertically in a circle at half arm's length across the track. 12f APPLY AIR BRAKES Swung horizontally above the head,when train or equipment is standing. 12g RELAEASE AIR BRAKES Held at arm's length above the head, when train or equipment is standing. 12h HOT JOURNAL-BY DAY Nose held with one hand, and the other hand pointed toward the track. 12h(a) HOT JOURNAL-BY NIGHT Swung horizontally above the head, when the train or equipment is moving. 12i BRAKE STICKING-BY DAY Palms of hands held together in horizontal position. 12i(a) BRAKE STICKING-BY NIGHT Held at arm's length above the head, when train or equipment is moving. 13. Any object waved violently by any one on or near the track is a signal to stop.